Cinematography!

Cinematography ia the use of the camera, for example, the framing/position that a camera is places in, and the movement of the camera.

There are many types of shots and framing, for example: 

                                The Close Up                                

The Extreme Close-Up

                                                          Medium or Mid-Shot

Long Shot

                                                    Extreme Long Shot

                                                         Point Of View Shot

                                                                High Angle Shot

                                                           Low Angle Shot

                                                 Over The Shoulder Shot

                                                            Establishing Shot

Camera Movement
The camera from a fixed position:

• Pan- the camera rotates from left to right.
• Tilt- the camera 'tilts' up and down.
• Dutch Tilt- the camera tilts on an angle to give a disorientating effect.
• Zoom- the camera remains still, but the focus is adjusted to move either towards or away from the object.
• Reverse Zoom/Contra Zoom- when the focus zooms in whilst the camera moves out. )This isn't a movement from a fixed position.)

The camera is free to move in any position:

• Track- the camera moves fluidly on a set of tracks in a certain direction.
• Dolly- the camera is on wheels, so can be moved in any direction.
• Crane- the camera i placed on a large crane arm that enables is to move around the set with ease. It also allows the camera to move quickly between different heights.
• Rolling- the camera moves diagonally, making the image askew.
• Handheld- the camera is held in a hand and can therefor move in any direction. The result is usually a very shaky picture.
• Steadicam- the camera is worn on a weighted harness to keep it still and balanced, whilst allowing the freedom of handheld filming.